segunda-feira, 14 de novembro de 2011
sexta-feira, 11 de novembro de 2011
The Mesolithic/Neolithic transition on the Costa Vicentina, Portugal
The Mesolithic/Neolithic transition on the Costa Vicentina, Portugal
Rebecca M. Dean a; Maria João Valente b; António Faustino Carvalho b
a University of Minnesota, Division of Social Sciences, USA
b Universidade do Algarve, Portugal
a b s t r a c t
In Portugal, Mesolithic shellfisher/gatherers persisted in estuary environments, long after agricultural economies were established elsewhere. The co-existence of foragers and farmers makes Portugal an interesting region in which to study whether resource depression is a common factor in the adoption of agriculture. It is difficult to generalize about Mesolithic and Neolithic resource use, since faunal remains at archaeological sites reflect the variation in terrestrial and marine species available to inhabitants of rocky shores, sandy estuary environments, and interior zones. On the Costa Vicentina, where the transition to agriculture occurred quite early, assemblages from a variety of Mesolithic and Neolithic sites show a trend toward lower energetic returns from wild resources, both in shifting species compositions, and in shellfish diminution. The most significant decrease in foraging efficiency occurred across the Mesolithic/Neolithic transition, suggesting a causal relationship between resource stress and the emergence of farming.
Mais em Quaternary International
Relembrando National Geographic deste mês...
Na National Geographic deste mês:
- um trabalho sobre novas descobertas nos Concheiros de Muge. Escavações coordenadas pelo Prof. Nuno Bicho (Universidade do Algarve)
- Leopardo de Porto de Mós uma descoberta de João Luís Cardoso (Universidade Aberta) e Frederico Regala (Associação de Estudos Subterrâneos e Defesa do Ambiente)
Ciclo de Conferências "Territórios de Fronteira em Antropologia"
Irá decorrer às 18 horas do próximo dia 6 de Dezembro de 2011 novo ciclo Territórios de Fronteira co-organizado pelo Grupo de Estudos em Evolução Humana (GEEVH), pelo Museu Nacional de Arqueologia (MNA) e pelo Núcleo de Arqueologia e Paleoecologia da Universidade do Algarve (NAP). O ciclo inclui palestras de:
- Mariana Nabais, University College London
- O Consumo de Tartaruga no Paleolítico Médio: o exemplo da Gruta da Oliveira, Torres Novas, Portugal
- João Marreiros, NAP - Universidade do Algarve | UniArq - Universidade de Lisboa
- Descobrir os traços do passado: contribuição da análise funcional para o conhecimento do comportamento das comunidades de caçadores-recolectores no Paleolítico Superior
- Susana Garcia, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas
- Maleitas do corpo em tempos medievais: Indicadores paleopatológicos em esqueletos exumados na cidade de Leiria
terça-feira, 8 de novembro de 2011
Mais um ano...
"O Núcleo de Arqueologia e Paleoecologia surge da determinação de um grupo de alunos da Universidade do Algarve em dinamizar e promover a disciplina arqueológica. O Núcleo reuniu-se pela primeira vez no dia 8 de Novembro de 2008."
Assim se lê no preâmbulo do nosso regulamento...
O NAP - Núcleo de Arqueologia e Paleoecologia da Universidade do Algarve faz hoje 3 anos.
A todos os que contribuíram, contribuem e contribuirão para o crescimento e enriquecimento deste nosso projecto, o nosso muito obrigada.
 |
| Algumas das nossas actividades durante este ano... |
segunda-feira, 7 de novembro de 2011
IGC Cologne 2012 - DOWN TO EARTH
The 32nd International Geographical Congress in Cologne focuses scientific attention on the core themes of humanity. Researchers from around the world are expected in Cologne in 2012.
Geographers bring the wide-ranging perspectives and methodology of their subject to bear on four major thematic complexes and contribute to the solution of urgent scientific and socio-political issues – bringing research down to earth:
- Global Change and Globalisation
- Society and Environment
- Risks and Conflicts
- Urbanisation and Demographic Change
Registration
To register for the IGC 2012 you have to create a personal user account. This personal user account will also be required for the submission of papers or posters.
To create a user account, please click on the button "Create a new account" in the menu bar on the left-hand site.
If you have been a subscriber to our newsletter and thus already used the opportunity to pre-register, then a user account will automatically have been created for you. To confirm this account you have to request your username and password by clicking on the button "Retrieve your password". Please have the email address at hand that you used for pre-registration.
Circular online
The 2nd Circular of the IGC 2012 is available now.
More information in igc2012.org
The Influence of Late Quaternary Climate-Change Velocity on Species Endemism
B. Sandel,1,2* L. Arge,2 B. Dalsgaard,3 R. G. Davies,4 K. J. Gaston,5 W. J. Sutherland,3 J.-C. Svenning1
1. Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Group, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000 C, Denmark.
2. Center for Massive Data Algorithmics (MADALGO), Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000 C, Denmark.
3. Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
4. School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
5. Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, UK.
The effects of climate change on biodiversity should depend in part on climate displacement rate (climate-change velocity) and its interaction with species’ capacity to migrate. We estimated Late Quaternary glacial-interglacial climate-change velocity by integrating macroclimatic shifts since the Last Glacial Maximum with topoclimatic gradients. Globally, areas with high velocities were associated with marked absences of small-ranged amphibians, mammals, and birds. The association between endemism and velocity was weakest in the highly vagile birds and strongest in the weakly dispersing amphibians, linking dispersal ability to extinction risk due to climate change. High velocity was also associated with low endemism at regional scales, especially in wet and aseasonal regions. Overall, we show that low-velocity areas are essential refuges for Earth’s many small-ranged species.
Artigo em sciencemag.org
quinta-feira, 3 de novembro de 2011
Archaic human ancestry in East Asia
Pontus Skoglund a and Mattias Jakobsson a, b
a Department of Evolutionary Biology and
b Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
Recent studies of ancient genomes have suggested that gene flow from archaic hominin groups to the ancestors of modern humans occurred on two separate occasions during the modern human expansion out of Africa. At the same time, decreasing levels of human genetic diversity have been found at increasing distance from Africa as a consequence of human expansion out of Africa. We analyzed the signal of archaic ancestry in modern human populations, and we investigated how serial founder models of human expansion affect the signal of archaic ancestry using simulations. For descendants of an archaic admixture event, we show that genetic drift coupled with ascertainment bias for common alleles can cause artificial but largely predictable differences in similarity to archaic genomes. In genotype data from non-Africans, this effect results in a biased genetic similarity to Neandertals with increasing distance from Africa. However, in addition to the previously reported gene flow between Neandertals and non-Africans as well as gene flow between an archaic human population from Siberia (“Denisovans”) and Oceanians, we found a significant affinity between East Asians, particularly Southeast Asians, and the Denisova genome—a pattern that is not expected under a model of solely Neandertal admixture in the ancestry of East Asians. These results suggest admixture between Denisovans or a Denisova-related population and the ancestors of East Asians, and that the history of anatomically modern and archaic humans might be more complex than previously proposed.
human origins | ancient DNA
Artigo em pnas.org
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